ABSTRACT
To study the effects of ethanol vapour exposure on development of atrial and ventricular septa of chick embryo. The experimental study was conducted at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Islamabad, from 2006 to 2007. The experimental and control groups were further divided into three subgroups based on the day of sacrifice. The experimental group was exposed to ethanol vapours produced in a specially-designed vapour chamber and then compared with age-matched controls. There were 90 eggs in each of the two groups. The development of inter-ventricular septum completed at day 7 of development in chick embryo. Ethanol vapour exposure produced a small discontinuity at day 10 of development in a chick embryo which may be labelled as ventricular septal defect since ventricular development is completed by day7. Interatrial septum formed till day 7 with small perforations which persisted till hatching. Ethanol vapour exposure may lead to ventricular septal defect
Subject(s)
Animals , Chick Embryo , Atrial Septum , Ventricular Septum , Heart Septal Defects, VentricularABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to study chick heart at different stages of development to serve as a normal baseline
Study Design: Descriptive study
Place and duration: Department of Anatomy, Islamabad Regional Centre of College of Physician and Surgeon, Pakistan from February 2006 to February 2007
Methodology: Ninety chicken eggs were divided into three groups based on the day of sacrifice. Group 1 and 2 were sacrificed at day 7 and 10 of incubation respectively, and group 3 on hatching or day 22 whichever was earlier
Results: At day 7 all the heart chambers were formed along with atrioventricular valves; however semilunar valvular cusps had rounded primordia. Elastic fibres could not be stained in great vessels of day 7 hearts in contrast to day 10 and newly hatched chick hearts where elastic fibres were well stained. In a newly hatched chick heart the semilunar valvular cusps were thin and slender
Conclusion: Chick heart is a useful tool to study the effects of external teratogens on developing heart
ABSTRACT
To determine the survival of chick embryos after ethanol vapour exposure by noting the number of dead and alive embryos and comparing with age-matched controls. Study Design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy at the regional centre of College of Physicians and Surgeons, Islamabad, from February 2006 to February 2007. Chicken eggs, placed in an incubator, were exposed to ethanol vapours produced through a specially designed vapour chamber. The experimental group was dissected on day 7, day 10 and day 22 or hatching whichever was earlier and compared with age-matched controls. The proportion of ethanol vapours in the incubator was monitored with a breathalyzer. No statistical difference was seen in the survival of day 7 alcohol-exposed embryos and their age-matched controls. The survival of day 10-control embryos was significantly higher than alcohol exposed group of same age. The embryos exposed to ethanol vapours from day 1 to day 10 and then followed till hatching or day 22, whichever was earlier, had significantly lower survival than age-matched controls. In this study, ethanol vapour exposure decreased embryo survival with increasing embryonic age and increased duration of exposure